The purpose of this standard is to provide minimum requirements for the
design, construction, inspection, and testing of new welded carbon steel tanks for the
storage of water at atmospheric pressure. This edition of the standard includes numerous corrections,
updates, and new material to clarify...
Back to AWWA D100-05 Welded Carbon Steel Tanks for Water Storage
The purpose of this standard is to provide minimum requirements for the
design, construction, inspection, and testing of new welded carbon steel tanks for the
storage of water at atmospheric pressure. This edition of the standard includes numerous corrections,
updates, and new material to clarify some of the existing requirements.
Sections were revised to eliminate contractual language such as "purchaser
shall..." and "constructor shall...". Several sections of the previous edition contained
a mixture of requirements (i.e., material, design, welding, fabrication, erection, and
inspection requirements). These requirements were segregated and moved to
appropriate sections. The previous edition also contained many recommendations
that were not considered minimum requirements. These recommendations were
moved to appendix A as commentary.
The title of the standard and Sec. 1 were revised to limit the scope to new tanks
constructed of welded carbon steel that are used to store water at atmospheric
pressure. Sec. 1 was revised to require that specific anchorage details be provided
when anchorage is required. Specific editions were added to the references. Only the
editions specified are considered part of the standard.
Sec. 3 was revised to align with the wind-load requirements of ASCE 7-02. Two
new methods (Method 2 and Method 3) for determining the allowable local buckling
compressive stress for shells were added. Method 3 permits an increase in the allowable
stress due to pressure stabilization and is based on a nonlinear buckling analysis.
Method 2 permits a partial increase in the allowable stress due to pressure stabilization.
The existing method for determining the allowable local buckling compressive stress
was renamed Method 1. Roof rafters designed using a roof live load of 50 lb/ft2 (2,400
N/m2) or less must be designed using allowable stresses for A36 material, regardless of
the material used. Roof rafters designed using a roof live load greater than 50 lb/ft2
(2,400 N/m2) may utilize higher allowable stresses when using material with minimum
specified yield strength greater than A36 material. Extensive requirements were added
for anchor bolts and anchor straps. The thickness to which corrosion allowance is
added was changed to the thickness determined by design for elements other than
bottom plates of ground-supported flat-bottom tanks. A minimum width requirement
was added for butt-welded annulus plates. The requirement that welded splices in
tension bracing for multicolumn tanks must be designed for 100 percent joint
efficiency was clarified. The 1/16-in. (1.59-mm) additional shell thickness requirement
for flush-type cleanouts was eliminated to match the current requirements of API 650.
Sec. 5 was revised to include the requirement that the inlet protection be
removable. Recommendations for antennas and related equipment were added to
Appendix A as commentary. Electrical isolation requirements were added for
dissimilar metals inside the tank below the TCL.
Sec. 6 (AWWA D100-96), entitled Sizing of Ground-Supported Standpipes and
Reservoirs, was deleted.
Sec. 7 was revised to include electrical isolation requirements for dissimilar metals
inside the tank below the TCL.
Sec. 8 was revised to increase the full-size proof test requirement for the
qualification of welding procedure specifications for tension-bracing splice welds to
4/3 times the published minimum yield strength of the bracing member. Minimum
fillet-weld size requirements relative to root opening were clarified and a maximum
root-opening requirement (3/16 in. [4.76 mm]) was added. Seal-welding requirements
for corrosion protection were also clarified.
Sec. 10 was revised to clarify preheat requirements.
Sec. 11 was revised to eliminate inspection based on sectional segments. The
requirement that welds be visually inspected and acceptance criteria were added.
Measurement and documentation requirements for shells designed by Method 2 or
Method 3 were added. Qualification of welder and production testing requirements
were added for tension-bracing splice welds. The proof test for tension-bracing splice
welds was increased to 4/3 times the published minimum yield strength of the bracing
material.
Sec. 12 was revised to allow a one-third increase in the allowable bearing stress for
wind loads when specified in the geotechnical report.
Sec. 13 was revised to align with the seismic load requirements of FEMA 450
and proposed ASCE 7-05, which are based on a maximum considered earthquake
ground motion for an event with a 2 percent probability of exceedance within a
50-year period (recurrence interval of approximately 2,500 years). General and site-specific
procedures for determining design response spectra are included. Alternate
procedures for elevated tanks and ground-supported flat-bottom tanks were added
and allow the use of soil-structure and fluid-structure interaction. The requirement
that P-delta effects be considered was added for all elevated tank styles. Vertical
design acceleration requirements were specified and are now mandatory for all tanks.
A critical buckling check for pedestal-type elevated tanks was added to guard against
premature buckling failure. Equations were added to calculate the overturning
moment for mat or pile cap foundations supporting flat-bottom tanks. Minimum
freeboard requirements similar to those of ASCE 7-05 were added for ground-supported
flat-bottom tanks. Piping flexibility requirements similar to those of ASCE
7-05 were added for all tanks.
Appendix A, Commentary for Welded Carbon Steel Tanks for Water Storage,
was added to provide background information for many of the requirements
contained in the standard.
Appendix B, Default Checklist, was added to assist users of the standard.